The Ummayad Caliphate had one of the most sophisticated economies of its time, stretching from Spain to India. It was primarily based on agriculture, industry, and trade. A complex system of taxation and currency allowed the empire to collect revenue and fund military and administrative expenses. The Ummayads also invested in public works such as roads, irrigation systems, and canals, which increased agricultural productivity and facilitated trade. A vibrant commercial sector existed within the empire, with merchants trading across the Mediterranean and beyond. The Ummayads were famous for their luxury goods, such as silk, spices, and precious metals, which were highly sought after worldwide.
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